Kirchhoff's Laws & Measuring Instruments
In the circuits shown below, the readings of voltmeters and the ammeters will be:

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Answer: (a)
- Ideal voltmeters have infinite resistance, so no current flows through either voltmeter branch.
- Circuit 1: , .
- Circuit 2: the in series with carries no current, so it has no drop; and .
- So the answer is (a) and .