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Force due to Surface Tension question from JEE Main 2014

Q21JEE Main 2014Difficult

Force due to Surface Tension

On heating water, bubbles being formed at the bottom of the vessel detach and rise. Take the bubbles to be spheres of radius RR and making a circular contact of radius rr with the bottom of the vessel. If r≪Rr \ll R and the surface tension of water is T,T, value of rr just before bubbles detach is: (density of water is ρw\rho_w)

Figure

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Answer: (d)

RF_BTT2r
  1. Upward buoyancy on the bubble ≈43πR3ρwg\approx \frac{4}{3}\pi R^3 \rho_w g (since r≪Rr \ll R).
  2. Surface tension acts along the contact circle 2πr2\pi r; its vertical (downward) part is 2πrTsin⁡θ2\pi r T\sin\theta with sin⁡θ=rR\sin\theta = \frac{r}{R}.
  3. Just before detaching: 2πr2TR=43πR3ρwg⇒r2=2R4ρwg3T\dfrac{2\pi r^2 T}{R} = \frac{4}{3}\pi R^3\rho_w g \Rightarrow r^2 = \dfrac{2R^4\rho_w g}{3T}.
  4. r=R22ρwg3Tr = R^2\sqrt{\dfrac{2\rho_w g}{3T}}. So the answer is (d).
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